Astronomers also explain the ecliptic from a different perspective, looking at the solar system from outer space. b. a total solar eclipse. b. D. midnight. b. theMoon is never in the ecliptic. The apparent motion of the Sun along the ecliptic is a result of Earths movement around the Sun. b. only a spherical Earth would always cast a circular shadow on the Moon The distances to other stars is best measured in __________. B. Equator See how far the planets are from the Sun or Earth, how bright they look, and their apparent size in the sky. The parallax shift of a star would be greater if viewed from Mars than from Earth. -visible near western horizon about an hour after sunset A) lunar eclipses were created by our shadow. parallax. c. Arctic Circle Early October 2022 is a good time to see the zodiacal light in the morning, because the moon is out of the morning sky. A. new moon at perigee That Polaris will not always be the pole star is due to: e. nighttime. The answer is yes and no. Which statement about Right Ascension is FALSE? Changes in the day-night cycle A. Antarctic Circle The ecliptic the line across our sky defined by the suns path gets its name from the fact that eclipses can only occur along it. True or False b. The name "ecliptic" comes from the fact that . Earth casts a shadow on the Moon during lunar eclipses. B. first or third quarter moon at a node twice as strong as the gravitational force, d. the gravitational force between the c. It causes the set of constellations visible on any particular night each year to change over many years. D. 44 Look for it in the west after sunset around the time of your spring equinox. Question: Say whether the following statements are true or false and give your reasoning The observation of the phases of the Moon proved that the Earth went around the Sun. Each item following represents an amount of time. Because of the uncertainty regarding the exact location of the invariable plane, and because the ecliptic is well defined by the apparent motion of the Sun, the ecliptic is used as the reference plane of the Solar System both for precision and convenience. C. rises at sunset. Which statement about the length of a day is FALSE? From the Earth, it appears 25% sunlit. A. tens of thousands Earth to view the. attempted to use them to, c. discovered the first four elements in D. the Solar winds blowing the Earth farther away from the Sun. What celestial line is a product of the Earth's orbit around the Sun? Even though the Sun spends more time in Ophiuchus than it does in Scorpius, Ophiuchus was left out when the zodiac was divided into its 12 traditional signs about 2500 years ago. At the North Pole, the day lasts six months, then six months of night. If new moon fell on March 2nd, what is the Moon's phase on March 14th? b. a greater distance across the river. D. It is more accurate as the distances to objects become greater. The place the Sun stops its northward motion along the ecliptic is the: The places where the Sun crosses the equator are called the: Seasons on Earth are primarily caused by: C. the tilt of the Earth's rotational axis. the Earth's mass were, doubled? Longest time An electron is released from rest in a uniform electric field of magnitude, 2.00104N/C2.00 \times 10 ^ { 4 } \mathrm { N } / \mathrm { C } False, A light-year is a measurement of time. C. in the constellation Gemini. What is the molecular formula of each compound?\ D. Wolf 1061 is closer to Earth than Ross 652. D. is moving at a great speed with respect to Earth. A. continuously tested. The solar day is longer than the sidereal day by about 4 minutes. Against this fixed starry background, the Sun, the Moon, and the planets do appear to move, because they are much closer to Earth. d. his choice of Galileo as an assistant. 2 weeks ago, what would be the phase, 13. What condition are necessary for a partial solar eclipse? A. Aquarius e. the same time. Different distance units are used for different objects. Thats because the ecliptic pathway of the sun and moon hits the horizon at a steep angle from this part of the world all year long. Pensacola, Florida lies at 30 degrees north latitude. a. Tropic of Cancer Which statement about the ecliptic is FALSE? Be sure to show all calculations clearly and state your final answers in complete sentences. [8] If the equator is projected outward to the celestial sphere, forming the celestial equator, it crosses the ecliptic at two points known as the equinoxes. The solar system is generally flat: the planets, and most of their major moons, orbit in more or less the same plane. e. At the equator, every day is twelve hours long, then twelve hours of night. E. Both C and D are correct. b. waxing Gibbous. C. a total lunar eclipse. B. have been proven. What is the primary observable effect of the slow precession of Earth's rotational axis? The escape velocity from a planet's What line in the sky is created by our revolution around the Sun? In the Southern Hemisphere the equinox occurs on September 22 or 23, when the Sun moves south across the celestial equator. The place where the sun crosses the equator are called: Equinoxes. E. It is highest in the sky at sunset. Take three identical bricks; strap two of In astronomy, the ecliptic coordinate system is a celestial coordinate system commonly used for representing the apparent positions, orbits, and pole orientations of Solar System objects. Again, this is a simplification, based on a hypothetical Earth that orbits at uniform speed around the Sun. What's the Difference Between a Solstice and an Equinox? to the stars. The places where the Sun crosses the equator are called the: What conditions are necessary for a total solar eclipse? a. B. rises at sunrise. c. distance from the Earth to the nearest B. is at a short distance from Earth. The Sun will rise farther north on the 24th. D. Tropic of Cancer B. new. C. The extension of the Earth's path on the celestial sphere. Incorrect A. the object's mass single brick due to the inverse square law of, c. the gravitational force between the A famous example is the Great Conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn in December 2020. Where on Earth would you be if Polaris was at your zenith? Of course, spring and autumn fall in different months for Earths Northern and Southern Hemispheres. b. high in the southern sky A. full moon. galaxy. The zodiacal light is most visible around the equinoxes. As the days and weeks went by, the sun would appear to drift eastward across Pisces until moving in front of Aries the Ram in the second half of April. Photo taken at sunset, looking west over Surakarta, Java, Indonesia. b. new moon on equator at perigee The last quarter phase of the Moon: What conditions are necessary for an annular solar eclipse? D. Aries Where will this star be located 6 hours later? B. It might be the zodiacal light. (b) How much time does the electron take to reach 1.00% of the speed of light? If youre in the Southern Hemisphere, now is the time to see the zodiacal light in the west after nightfall. a. rises at sunset. What are the names of the elements with the chemical symbols Mg, Al, and F? As you circle around, your eyes wander and become fixated on the central pillar of the carousel. ANSWERS for Astronomy I -- Practice EXAM 1. Which of the following types of eclipses will NEVER be observed? Gegenschein is another. A. Wolf 1061 must have a larger proper motion than Ross 652. c. The year is marked by the Sun's return to the same place along it. d. Ross 652 is closer to Earth than Wolf 1061. a. the precession of the Earth's rotational axis. A lunar eclipse happens when the moon passes through Earths shadow, when it is directly opposite the sun on the sky. Where is Polaris on January 1st at 9 PM? True or False [23], Spherical coordinates, known as ecliptic longitude and latitude or celestial longitude and latitude, are used to specify positions of bodies on the celestial sphere with respect to the ecliptic. The angular size of an object depends on which two quantities? d. midnight. the following did Galileo NOT observe? The darker your sky, the better your chances of seeing the zodiacal light. It appears in the sky just before true dawn lights the sky (or true darkness falls). B. a. a. A. a partial solar eclipse. D. new moon on ecliptic, with us in the penumbral shadow To better understand this region of the sky, lets start with a ride on a carousel. the celestial, 4. B. apparent groupings of stars and planets visible on a given evening From the perspective of an observer on Earth, the Sun's movement around the celestial sphere over the course of a year traces out a path along the ecliptic against the background of stars. [10], Once again, this is a simplification. It is the path taken by the Moon as it orbits Earth. An annular lunar eclipse The ecliptic is the Sun 's path through the starry background of the sky. Some type of solar eclipse must happen about: Why is there a two day difference in the sidereal and synodic months? From 1984, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's DE series of computer-generated ephemerides took over as the fundamental ephemeris of the Astronomical Almanac. e. The Moon can never leave it, but moves twelve times faster than the Sun. The Sun's position relative to the stars is revealed during the darkness of a total solar eclipse. Omissions? Using the data from the table of Question 11 on you lab instructions, determine if the following statement is true or false. your foot will hurt. Because of the movement of Earth around the EarthMoon center of mass, the apparent path of the Sun wobbles slightly, with a period of about one month. This invisible line across the sky is the starting point for the celestial coordinate system used by astronomers to pinpoint the location of every star, nebula and galaxy. the radius remains the same), 31. This means the light from Proxima Centauri takes about 4 years and 3 months to reach us. Thank you! a. a. Vernal and autumnal equinoxes Longitude is measured positively eastward[5] 0 to 360 along the ecliptic from the vernal equinox, the same direction in which the Sun appears to move. e. testable, Aristotle's hypothesis was that: b. strong. D. new moon on ecliptic near aphelion D. The solar day is four minutes longer than the sidereal one. The tilt of its rotation axis to the plane of its orbit, Night and day have approximately equal length at what time or times of the year? with the Sun at one, d. planets move along an elliptical path It is more accurate as the distances to objects become greater. The last quarter phase of the Moon: How long is the precession cycle? e. is at a great distance from Earth. Check. During a lunar eclipse, Earth's shadow falls on the full moon, darkening the. If new moon fell on March 2nd, what is the Moon's phase on March 14th? C. The year is marked by the Sun's return to the same place along it. b. aphelion. It will be directly overhead again in: about a fixed point in the sky. d. The Sun appears to move about a degree per day eastward long it. True or False From the South Pole, Polaris would appear directly overhead. Corrections? Since you have had an, astronomy class -visible near eastern horizon just before sunrise b. False, The parallax shift of a star would be greater if viewed from Mars than from Earth. The dust grains do trace out the path of the ecliptic, which is the plane of our solar system and the path of our sun in the sky. Five planets (Earth included) lined up along the ecliptic in July 2010, illustrating how the planets orbit the Sun in nearly the same plane. Winter Solstice Formation and evolution of the Solar System, "The Ecliptic: the Sun's Annual Path on the Celestial Sphere", "The Mean Plane (Invariable Plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter", The Ecliptic: the Sun's Annual Path on the Celestial Sphere, MEASURING THE SKY A Quick Guide to the Celestial Sphere, The Basics - the Ecliptic, the Equator, and Coordinate Systems, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ecliptic&oldid=1132389297, Top and side views of the plane of the ecliptic, showing planets. c. rises at sunrise. indicated a, 21. In this Night Sky Map view of totality over the US city of Dallasduring the upcoming solar eclipse of April 8, 2024the Sun is shown to be in front of the constellation Pisces. It is about 23.4 and is currently decreasing 0.013 degrees (47 arcseconds) per hundred years because of planetary perturbations.[13]. Pensacola, Florida lies at 30 degrees north latitude. about the Copernican, a. it was more accurate than the Which of the choices below correctly lists things in order from largest to smallest? C. Both stars are outside the Milky Way galaxy. E) the Moon orbited the Earth. c. The Moon casts a shadow on Earth during lunar eclipses. c. was the first of the great Greek b. new moon. the periodic table of. True or False D. perigee. The Moon and planets follow a similar track. Its the constellation of the Serpent-Bearer, partially located along the ecliptic between the summer constellations of Scorpius and Sagittarius. b. e. 23 hours 56 minutes. The places were the Sun crosses the equator are called the: Equinoxes. D. ancient story boards, useless to modern astronomers True These events are called conjunctions. D. perihelion passage of the Sun. b. Which, a. the combined d. perigee. Where is Polaris at 9 PM on January 1st? A. lines of latitude. The solar day is four minutes longer than the sidereal one. E. 88, What are constellations? B. every year at new moon. given in astronomy. a. C) Most orbits are almost circular, with low eccentricities. c) The Earth must be at rest. a. E) Most also rotate counterclockwise on their axes as well. B. the object's brightness C. Pisces true, 22. If the Moon rose tonight at 6 PM, then tomorrow it will rise about: c. The variation in its distance from the Sun How large are the planets and what is their order from the Sun? It is best measured over exactly one year intervals. 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